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Domain Naming Nomenclature
Registry
An Internet Domain Name Registry is an entity that receives Domain
Name Service (DNS) information from Domain Name Registrars, inserts
that information into a centralized database and propagates the
information in Internet zone files on the Internet so that domain
names can be found by users around the world via applications such
as the world wide web and email. e.g IN Registry is the official
.IN registry. It was appointed by the government of India, and is
operated under the authority of NIXI(National Internet Exchange
of India).
Registrar
A Registrar provides direct services to Domain Name Registrants.
The Registrar database contains customer information in addition
to the DNS information contained in the Registry database. Registrars
process name registrations for Internet end-users and then send
the necessary DNS information to a Registry for entry into the centralized
Registry database and ultimate propagation over the Internet.e.g
ERNET India is exclusive Registrar for .ac.in, edu.in & res.in
Registrant
The individual or organization that registers a specific domain
name with a registrar. This individual or organization holds the
right to use that specific domain name for a specified period of
time, provided certain conditions are met and the registration fees
are paid. This person or organization is the "legal entity"
bound by the terms of the Domain Name Registration Agreement with
the registrar.
Reserved Names
The government has reserved a list of names for government and
registry use. This list will be published shortly.Also domain names
both in abbreviated form like IIT,IIM and NIT etc. and expanded
form
Indian Institute of Technology, Indian institute of Management
and National Institute of Technology etc. will be reserved for these
organizations in all the zones i.e in, ac.in, edu.in, res.in and
ernet.in.
Categorization of domains
There are two types of Top-Level domains (TLDs), generic and country
code. Generic domains were created for use by the Internet public,
while country code domains were created to be used by each individual
country as they deemed necessary. The generic TLDs (gTLDs) are COM,
ORG, NET, EDU, GOV etc and the country codes TLDs (ccTLDs) like
IN, UK, JP, US etc are 2-letter country codes maintained by the
ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency.
ccTLD
A country top level domain in the top level of the global domain
name system,assigned according to the two-letter codes in the ISO
3166 standard codes for the representation of the names of the countries
or territories.
ccTLD Manager
The primary duty of the ccTLD Manager is one of Public Service
and to manage and operate the ccTLD Registry in the interest of
and in consultation with the Local Internet Community,mindful of
the interest of the interests of the Global Internet Community.
Domain Name System (DNS)
Computers connected to the Internet have unique numerical addresses
called as IP (Internet Protocol) addresses, so that the electronic
information gets delivered to the right place on the Internet. Domain
Names are the familiar, easy to recall names for the computers on
the Internet. They are used generally as a convenient way for the
human beings to locate information on the Internet. The Domain Name
System (DNS) translates these domain names to the IP addresses of
the computers. Thus, a domain name such as google.co.in should map
onto an IP address such as 207.46.176.53.
Domain Names commonly form part of web site addresses (eg. http://www.yourdomain.co.in/news)
and e-mail addresses (eg. user@yourdomain.co.in)
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